Breast cancer detection rates increase substantially when women at high risk and those with dense breasts undergo mammography and ultrasound annually, according to a study presented Wednesday at the 2009 RSNA meeting. MRI is an even more effective technique when used with mammography, but only for women who are at high risk for the condition.

Targeted breast ultrasound is a safe and effective alternative to biopsies, and it can be used by radiologists to alleviate anxiety that patients may have about breast cancer screening, according to two studies presented Wednesday at the 2009 RSNA meeting.

Experts continue to lambast recent recommendations from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force to cut breast cancer screening from annual to biennial exams and to limit the test to women ages 50 to 74. The experts are primarily concerned with the task force’s ability to influence policy, and thus they continue to assert there are no data to support the recommendations.

RSNA newbie Real-Time Tomography launched at this year’s meeting a new image processing and enhancement software library for digital mammography.

In an ironic twist for radiology, effective imaging of skin cancers has just been accomplished by none other than the imaging modality in closest contact with the skin: ultrasound.

Using sophisticated mapping technology, census data, and state cancer registry statistics, researchers from Georgia established a link between the presence of Mammography Quality Standards Act-certified mammography centers and lower death rates from breast cancer.

MRI is the best method to assess breast cancer tumor size prior to surgery and after chemotherapy, according to findings from the American College of Radiology Imaging Network trial 6657. Size on mammography does not correlate with true residual disease in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and thus MRI is the best modality, the researchers said.

Radiation from mammography screenings may increase the chances of developing breast cancer for women at high risk, according to findings presented Tuesday at the 2009 RSNA meeting.

Ultrasound elastography could be an effective means of reducing unnecessary breast biopsy, according to an ongoing study presented Monday at the 2009 RSNA meeting.

Digital mammography plus MRI is the most clinically effective strategy for screening women carrying a genetic mutation known to increase the risk for breast cancer. However, unless the cost of breast MRI decreases substantially, the modality doesn’t translate as cost-effective, according to a study presented on Tuesday at the RSNA 2009 meeting.

Full-field digital mammography significantly increases the cancer detection rate for women younger than 50 years, according to a study presented Monday afternoon at the RSNA meeting.

Developing a structured and rigorous peer-review quality assurance process that involves ongoing case presentations, open discussion, and consensus opinions can help to decrease perception errors and improve the interpretive skills of breast imagers, according to radiologists at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston.

Lesion size, patient age, and current ipsilateral breast cancer are statistically significant predictors of pathologic outcome for nonmasslike enhancement lesions seen on breast MRI, according to a scientific session presented on Sunday at the RSNA 2009 meeting.

Radiologists will often not biopsy small lesions because they assume the lesions are benign. But the decision to do so could mean missing malignant cases, according to a scientific session presented Sunday at the RSNA 2009 meeting.

Specialties outside of radiology could benefit from unified databases and iPhone applications.