A 25-year-old woman was referred for routine antenatal scan at 14 weeks, 2 days of pregnancy.
Clinical history: A 25-year-old woman was referred for routine antenatal scan at 14 weeks, 2 days of pregnancy.
Findings: Transabdominal sagittal view of the uterus shows a fetus with a reduced crown-rump length of 6.2 cm, corresponding to12 weeks and 5 days of gestation. There is absent calvaria and the brain is exposed to aminotic fluid.
Image shows reversal a wave in ductus venosus flow.
Transabdominal sag view of the uterus shows the same findings of absent calvaria and exposed brain. There were no other anomalies.
Transvaginal scan shows the reduced CRL, absent calvaria and exposed brain.
Diagnosis: Exencephaly
Discussion: Exencephaly is a rare, lethal anomaly with absent cranial vault and protrusion of brain in amniotic fluid. It is considered as a precursor of anencephaly due to failure of closure of neural pore during embryonic life. Maternal serum alpha protein will be highly elevated. This is one of the indications for termination of pregnancy and the patient was advised the same.
R. Pankajam MD, Consultant Radiologist, Medall Health Care Private Limited, Vadapalani, Chennai, India
New Literature Review Assesses Merits of Cardiac MRI After Survival of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
April 19th 2024While noting inconsistencies with the diagnostic yield of cardiac MRI in patients who survived sudden cardiac arrest, researchers cited unique advantages in characterizing ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and facilitating alternate diagnoses.
Study of Ofatumumab for Multiple Sclerosis Shows 'Profoundly Suppressed MRI Lesion Activity'
April 17th 2024The use of continuous ofatumumab in patients within three years of a relapsing multiple sclerosis diagnosis led to substantial reductions in associated lesions on brain MRI scans, according to research recently presented at the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) conference.